When Abnormal Growths Affect the Spine
Spine tumours are abnormal growths that develop either within the bones of the spine or in the spinal canal. They can cause pain, nerve symptoms, or structural weakness in the spine.
Why Spine Tumours Can Be Concerning
The spine doesn’t just support movement — it also protects the spinal cord and nerves. A tumour in or around the spine can put pressure on these structures, leading to pain, numbness, or weakness. Some tumours begin in the spine itself, while others spread (metastasise) from cancers elsewhere in the body.
Common Types and Causes of Spine Tumours
Spine tumours can be classified by where they develop:
- Primary tumours: start in the spine itself (rare). Examples include osteosarcoma, chordoma, or schwannoma.
- Secondary tumours (metastases): cancers that spread from other organs, such as the lungs, breasts, or prostate — the most common type.
- Intradural tumours: arise inside the spinal canal but outside the spinal cord.
- Intramedullary tumours: grow within the spinal cord itself.
Symptoms That May Point to a Spine Tumour
Spine tumours don’t always cause symptoms at first, but they can include:
- Persistent back or neck pain that doesn’t improve with rest
- Pain that worsens at night or while lying down
- Numbness, tingling, or weakness in the arms or legs
- Difficulty walking, balance problems, or loss of coordination
- In severe cases, loss of bladder or bowel control
How Doctors Diagnose Spine Tumours
Because spine tumours share symptoms with other spinal conditions, accurate testing is essential. Diagnosis may include:
- Physical and neurological examination
- MRI or CT scans to locate the tumour and assess its size
- Biopsy to confirm tumour type (if required)
- Blood tests in selected cases, depending on suspected cause
Treatment Options for Spine Tumours
Treatment depends on the type, location, and whether the tumour is primary or secondary.
- Medications: for pain management and to reduce swelling around the nerves
- Radiation therapy or chemotherapy: in cases of malignant tumours
- Surgery: to remove or reduce tumour size, relieve nerve compression, and stabilise the spine
- Minimally invasive procedures: in some cases, cement injections or fixation to strengthen weakened bones
Living with a Spine Tumour
A diagnosis of a spine tumour can feel overwhelming. The focus of treatment is not only on addressing the tumour itself but also on preserving mobility, relieving pain, and supporting quality of life. Early assessment is key to planning the most appropriate care.
Book a Consultation for Persistent Back Pain or Spine Concerns
If you have ongoing back pain, especially when it worsens at night or is linked to numbness or weakness, schedule a consultation at Mash Spine & Orthopaedics for an assessment and discussion of next steps.
