Key Pointers:
- Spinal fusion joins vertebrae to stabilise the spine and ease motion-related pain.
- Benefits: durable pain relief and improved function for selected conditions.
- Trade-offs: reduced flexibility, months of recovery, and potential adjacent-segment strain.
- Surgical risks include infection, non-union, nerve injury, or revision surgery.
- Decide after specialist evaluation and trial of conservative care where appropriate.
When chronic back pain or spinal instability interferes with daily life, one option often discussed is spinal fusion surgery. This procedure aims to stabilise the spine by permanently fusing two or more vertebrae, thereby eliminating movement between them. While it can offer significant relief, it’s also a major surgery that comes with both benefits and drawbacks.
If you’re considering spinal fusion in Singapore, understanding the full picture is key to making an informed decision. Here’s a closer look at the pros and cons of this treatment.
What Is Spinal Fusion Surgery?
Spinal fusion is usually advised for various medical conditions, such as:
- Degenerative disc disease
- Spinal stenosis
- Scoliosis
- Spondylolisthesis
- Severe disc herniation
- Spinal fractures or instability
During the procedure, the surgeon inserts bone or bone-like material between the vertebrae, often using metal plates, screws, or rods to retain the spine’s original alignment while the bones fuse.
Pros of Spinal Fusion Surgery
1. Stabilises the Spine
For conditions involving instability or misalignment, spinal fusion provides structural support, preventing abnormal movement and reducing the risk of further nerve damage.
2. Reduces or Eliminates Pain
By stopping painful motion between vertebrae, spinal fusion can significantly relieve chronic back or neck pain caused by worn discs or joint degeneration.
3. Improves Function and Mobility
While the fused section becomes immobile, many patients experience improved overall movement and reduced discomfort in their daily activities after recovery.
4. Long-Term Relief for Specific Conditions
For carefully selected patients, spinal fusion offers lasting relief when non-surgical treatments like physiotherapy or medication haven’t worked.
Cons of Spinal Fusion Surgery
1. Loss of Flexibility
Since the procedure permanently locks parts of the spine, it can reduce the range of motion in that segment. This might affect activities that require spinal flexibility, especially in the lumbar region.
2. Extended Recovery Time
Healing can take several months, and you may need physiotherapy to regain strength and function. Time off work and daily routines is often necessary.
3. Risk of Adjacent Segment Disease
The extra stress on the vertebrae next to the fused area may lead to wear and tear over time, potentially causing new issues in the future.
4. Surgical Risks
As with any major surgery, there are risks like infection, blood clots, nerve injury, or failure of the bones to fuse (non-union), which may require additional procedures.
Should You Consider Spinal Fusion?
Spinal fusion is not a standard solution. It’s typically considered after other conservative treatments have failed. A thorough evaluation by a spine specialist, including imaging and physical assessment, is essential to determine whether the potential benefits outweigh the risks for your specific case.
Make an Informed Decision for Your Spine
If you’re dealing with persistent back pain or spinal instability, don’t navigate your options alone. Schedule a consultation with our physicians at Orthopedic Spine Specialist Clinic to explore whether spinal fusion is the right step forward, backed by personalised care and expert guidance.
